The Public Approval of God
Introduction
The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon that an individual's likelihood of helping decreases when passive bystanders are present in a critical situation. Many sad real-life examples illustrate this effect: In 1964, Kitty Genovese was sexually assaulted and murdered in Queens, New York, while several of her neighbors looked on. No one intervened until it was too late. More recently, in 2009, Dominik Brunner was murdered at a German train station by two 18-year-olds after he tried to help children who were attacked by these young criminals. Several passersby witnessed the murder, but nobody physically intervened.
In both a theoretical and a practical sense, the bystander effect has played an increasingly important role in our understanding of helping behavior. References to the effect can be found in nearly every introductory (social) psychology textbook. Various television shows continuously report and try to replicate the effect, and knowledge of the effect is now firmly anchored in public awareness. Although the evidence for the inhibitory bystander effect is striking, there are also counter-examples. Sometimes, the presence of bystanders can facilitate acts of moral courage. In Munich in 2001, for example, a young man from Turkey helped a young Greek who was chased and beaten by a group of skinheads. The young Turk risked his life while many other bystanders were watching.
Do you ever feel like a bystander? Many of us have experienced tremendous blessings from God. We are safe. We are insulated from much of the danger and suffering around us. As Christians, we use the wisdom of God and all that He has provided for us to enjoy good lives and good families. Most of all, we are delivered from the wrath of God. As travelers or as the Bible says, sojourners, we journey through life watching what happens to the world around us.
The Bible also called Abram a sojourner, or a traveler. He looked for a city that was not yet. His faith gave him the ability to walk to a place he did not yet know, and trust in promises that he never even saw come to pass. Yet that very same faith enabled him to act for the interest of others for the kingdom of God when he was just a mere bystander. How should our faith inform our choices when we, as travelers and bystanders, see the conflict and tragedy in this world? Let us look to Abram as an example of a man of faith as we seek to understand the meaning of this text together.
Christians live in the world with conflict and tragedy.
The first thing that we must realize is that there are conflict and tragedy all around us. There are needs everywhere. Will we notice them?
Often, when Christians hear of the needs of others, their response is: “What people really need is Jesus.” “The solution to America’s problems is Christ.” “The only way to truly solve this is to proclaim the Gospel so that people will repent and believe on Jesus.” I agree! Very Biblical assessment of the situation. But how do we get there?
Will anyone listen to a Gospel proclaimed by a person who won’t be bothered to care about what is going on around them? Can Lot listen to Abram calling him to repentance and obedience to God if he’s been carried off by the four kings?
So what am I saying? Does Genesis 14 teach a social gospel that ultimately finds its mission in doing material good in this world? No. Our ultimate purpose when it comes to our neighbors must be that they would follow Jesus to the glory of God! And that only happens when we can build relationships with those around us just as Jesus did, meeting people’s needs.
Let me ask a follow up question, how can we meet other people’s needs if we live aloof? If the only need we ever consider is to proclaim Christ, then how will we know the material needs of those around us?
And I think there is a point here to be made that is quite topical. This was a political conflict. We’ve got kings going retaliating against other kings for rebelling against them. Kings are political actors. They rule in cities or the polis, where we get the word politics from. And Abram, looking for another city not made with hands actually cares about the cities down here made of clay and mortar and stone and brick. Why?
Because the cities in a material sense are made up of those materials, but in another sense, they are made of people. Look at verse 13:
Then one who had escaped came and told Abram the Hebrew, for he dwelt by the terebinth trees of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol and brother of Aner; and they were allies with Abram. Genesis 14:13
He recognized Lot as his brother. His brother had a need and he had the means to help. Now, the scope of this sermon really isn’t to advocate for any particular political action. We can save that for another time. You may hear more about that next year.
I do want to briefly mention this: obeying Jesus by loving our neighbors as ourselves means doing good for them. It means acting in their interest. And this is the way that the rubber actually meets the road and we connect with people.
I praise God for the men and women of our church that engage politically for the good of their families and their neighbors. Can politics become an idol? Yes! But it also can (and should be done) for the sake of the Gospel to the glory of God.
Politics included but in so many more ways, if we are not engaged in the activity of our community, how will we know of the needs? How can ever meet those needs?
Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their trouble, and to keep oneself unspotted from the world. James 1:27
To give you another preview of what our church will be doing together in 2025, Pastor Thomas and I have planned some efforts to learn about our immediate neighbors around this building as a church. We’ll be looking for some ways for community feedback because we cannot connect with people if we never meet their needs, and we cannot share the Gospel with someone we have no connection with. We must be like Abraham and engage to meet their needs.
God blesses those who follow Him by faith to bless others through them.
So this passage, objectively speaking seems to be really about God’s favor given to Abram. As the title of the sermon says, it is about the public approval of God for him. Why then am I talking about outreach essentially? Am I mangling this text to rant about my pet peeves as the outreach pastor?
Well, let me ask you, what did Abram do with the blessing God had given him? He used that favor with God to bless others, primarily his nephew Lot.
God is a capitalist. What do growing businesses do with their profits? Well, if you have a really good year, you might reward your team with bonuses or pay raises. But you don’t spend all of the surplus doing that. A wise business person, who is looking to grow their company will take that extra money and they will invest it back into the business. This is a big part of what it means to be capitalist. They use capital (the resources they have) to make more money. God blesses us, whether it is financial or otherwise, so that we will take that goodness and do more good with it.
We too have received immense favor from God. What will we do with it? Like Abram, we have all these promises that we can trust in and we have a measure of material prosperity too! These are resources God has given us to reach others too!
We see this process in Abram’s life of progressive blessing. God sends him out on this journey, and along the way he stumbles, but God blesses him in spite of it. And then Abram begins trusting God, realigning his priorities. Abram began to trust in God’s promises and prioritized reconciliation with his nephew.
Now when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his three hundred and eighteen trained servants who were born in his own house, and went in pursuit as far as Dan. He divided his forces against them by night, and he and his servants attacked them and pursued them as far as Hobah, which is north of Damascus. Genesis 14:14-15
Now, Abram has become this conduit of God’s blessing. And this blessing was not just for his consumption. With wisdom and strategy, he engaged to bless those around him, even taking on some personal risk.
How then shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how shall they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear without a preacher? 15 And how shall they preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the gospel of peace, Who bring glad tidings of good things!” Romans 10:14-15
Friend, the good news is given to us not just for us to receive it and “consume” it. Those who receive it become heralds themselves. That is God’s plan. Jesus made disciples to send them out, and He is still in that business today. In God’s strategy, heralds make more heralds. That is what we do.
You are not the last stop on the train of God’s blessing. Part of growing in faith, for Abram and for us, is God blessing us so that we can bless others. If the Gospel is only ever used to make me into a responsible person and give me a loving family, then have I really understood the grace of God? As Abram took more and more steps in following God, we see this progression. And brothers and sisters, we need to take this step too.
Those growing in faith act in the interest of others for the kingdom of God.
With this third point, I have tried to sum up what we see happening in Abram’s life as he’s growing spiritually. We will break this down into three lifelong practices that faithful followers of Christ should apply to their lives today.
Gets Involved
The faithful follower of God engages in the affairs of this life but does not allow himself to be entangled in them by finding his purpose there. His purpose in engaging here is a spiritual one. The affairs of this life become a means to the end of glorifying God.
Abram was not so heavenly-minded that he was no earthly good. He saw Lot as his BROTHER. He shared blood with him and that means that he shared more with him too. What happens to Lot mattered to Abram.
This is not a theological point. Those who do not know Christ are not our spiritual brothers and sisters. This is a matter of outreach. Abram did not just dismiss what happened to Lot as something that happened to someone else. What happens to those around us must matter to us.
I can’t tell an entire congregation what getting involved looks like for you, at once anyway. For some, it means inviting a neighbor or work friend over to your home. For others, it could be asking to be mentored from a brother or sister in Christ so that you can become the one who is blessing others. Or inviting a friend to a life group at our church. If you need an idea, reach out to me! But do you need to take a next step here? How far are you taking loving your neighbor for the sake of the Gospel? Don’t let this just be a sentiment. Take a step to get involved, even if it is a baby one.
Dies to Self
This involves risk. It means allowing people into your life. It means potentially making sacrifices emotionally, socially, financially, and in many other ways, and potentially seeing no return.
But I want to ask this question, how much risk does it really involve? We have nothing to fear. We can engage in Gospel efforts because God will be with us. He was with Abram and He was faithful to His promises. He will be with us and fulfill all His promises to us. Prayerfully, take some risks for the glory of God. Open your life up to someone. Ask someone to do the same. Social risks. Give someone something that you know will communicate care and generosity.
My choice of words for this point comes from a Biblical concept of dying to self or denying yourself.
Then He said to them all, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow Me." Luke 9:23
Maturing as a Christian is turning outward. No longer being a consumer but a conduit of God's blessing. No longer is Abram asking his wife to put her neck on the line for him. Now, his neck is on the line for his nephew.
There is a sneaky kind of consumerism that infests our Christianity. Is following Christ just about you? Having a good family? Making sure your children turn out well, etc? Do we selfishly consume God's goodness? Of course, we are not wrong for being blessed and having good things! But let us leverage those good gifts for the good of others where we can! Let us let that goodness strengthen us to bless others.
What do we do in contrast to Abram? He goes out and risks quite a bit for someone else. We build a community that is comfortable for us and gives us just the right amount of sanctification to make ourselves feel good about ourselves. Then others can join. Let us die to self as we grow in Christ like Abram.
Lives on Mission
Throughout the narrative, we see the WHAT of Abram’s actions, but I believe that we get a little glimpse of Abram’s WHY as he interacts with the two kings.
The King of Sodom offers Abram the spoils of the battle in verse 21, but Abram turns it down. Why?
But Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have raised my hand to the LORD, God Most High, the Possessor of heaven and earth, 23 that I will take nothing, from a thread to a sandal strap, and that I will not take anything that is yours, lest you should say, ‘I have made Abram rich’— 24 except only what the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men who went with me: Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.” Genesis 14:22-24
The glory of God. Instead he gave to Melchizadek, acknowledging and trusting in the blessing that Melchizadek, the priest of the most high God offers Him in verse 20.
Abram was choosing a SOURCE. What did he need? Making deals with wicked pagan kings or ministry for God’s priest? Abram sees this whole situation as an opportunity for God to be made glorious, for others to see who is making Abram prosperous. His mission is to glorify God by acting in the interest of others.
What exactly does it take for Abram to glorify God? He forgoes personal prosperity (immediate gratification) for the long term glory of God. We see in this passage the first example of war in Scripture, but there is also a spiritual battle going on. What will Abram choose? And what will we choose?
Abraham denied the blessing of the king of Sodom because he was trusting in Gods promise to bless him. Faith in God's promises of blessing produce confidence to live missionally to the glory of God.
Conclusion
Pastor Martin Niemöller is best known for writing First They Came - one of the most famous poems about the Holocaust - but he is a complicated figure. Initially an antisemitic Nazi supporter, his views changed when he was imprisoned in a concentration camp for speaking out against Nazi control of churches. He later encouraged Germans to take responsibility for Nazi atrocities.
First They Came
by Pastor Martin Niemoller
First they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left
To speak out for me
Like Pastor Niemoller in some ways, we are bystanders. Like Abram, we belong to another kingdom. What will we do? Will we act in the interest of others for the kingdom of God?
Discussion Questions
The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon that an individual's likelihood of helping decreases when passive bystanders are present in a critical situation. Many sad real-life examples illustrate this effect: In 1964, Kitty Genovese was sexually assaulted and murdered in Queens, New York, while several of her neighbors looked on. No one intervened until it was too late. More recently, in 2009, Dominik Brunner was murdered at a German train station by two 18-year-olds after he tried to help children who were attacked by these young criminals. Several passersby witnessed the murder, but nobody physically intervened.
In both a theoretical and a practical sense, the bystander effect has played an increasingly important role in our understanding of helping behavior. References to the effect can be found in nearly every introductory (social) psychology textbook. Various television shows continuously report and try to replicate the effect, and knowledge of the effect is now firmly anchored in public awareness. Although the evidence for the inhibitory bystander effect is striking, there are also counter-examples. Sometimes, the presence of bystanders can facilitate acts of moral courage. In Munich in 2001, for example, a young man from Turkey helped a young Greek who was chased and beaten by a group of skinheads. The young Turk risked his life while many other bystanders were watching.
Do you ever feel like a bystander? Many of us have experienced tremendous blessings from God. We are safe. We are insulated from much of the danger and suffering around us. As Christians, we use the wisdom of God and all that He has provided for us to enjoy good lives and good families. Most of all, we are delivered from the wrath of God. As travelers or as the Bible says, sojourners, we journey through life watching what happens to the world around us.
The Bible also called Abram a sojourner, or a traveler. He looked for a city that was not yet. His faith gave him the ability to walk to a place he did not yet know, and trust in promises that he never even saw come to pass. Yet that very same faith enabled him to act for the interest of others for the kingdom of God when he was just a mere bystander. How should our faith inform our choices when we, as travelers and bystanders, see the conflict and tragedy in this world? Let us look to Abram as an example of a man of faith as we seek to understand the meaning of this text together.
Christians live in the world with conflict and tragedy.
The first thing that we must realize is that there are conflict and tragedy all around us. There are needs everywhere. Will we notice them?
Often, when Christians hear of the needs of others, their response is: “What people really need is Jesus.” “The solution to America’s problems is Christ.” “The only way to truly solve this is to proclaim the Gospel so that people will repent and believe on Jesus.” I agree! Very Biblical assessment of the situation. But how do we get there?
Will anyone listen to a Gospel proclaimed by a person who won’t be bothered to care about what is going on around them? Can Lot listen to Abram calling him to repentance and obedience to God if he’s been carried off by the four kings?
So what am I saying? Does Genesis 14 teach a social gospel that ultimately finds its mission in doing material good in this world? No. Our ultimate purpose when it comes to our neighbors must be that they would follow Jesus to the glory of God! And that only happens when we can build relationships with those around us just as Jesus did, meeting people’s needs.
Let me ask a follow up question, how can we meet other people’s needs if we live aloof? If the only need we ever consider is to proclaim Christ, then how will we know the material needs of those around us?
And I think there is a point here to be made that is quite topical. This was a political conflict. We’ve got kings going retaliating against other kings for rebelling against them. Kings are political actors. They rule in cities or the polis, where we get the word politics from. And Abram, looking for another city not made with hands actually cares about the cities down here made of clay and mortar and stone and brick. Why?
Because the cities in a material sense are made up of those materials, but in another sense, they are made of people. Look at verse 13:
Then one who had escaped came and told Abram the Hebrew, for he dwelt by the terebinth trees of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol and brother of Aner; and they were allies with Abram. Genesis 14:13
He recognized Lot as his brother. His brother had a need and he had the means to help. Now, the scope of this sermon really isn’t to advocate for any particular political action. We can save that for another time. You may hear more about that next year.
I do want to briefly mention this: obeying Jesus by loving our neighbors as ourselves means doing good for them. It means acting in their interest. And this is the way that the rubber actually meets the road and we connect with people.
I praise God for the men and women of our church that engage politically for the good of their families and their neighbors. Can politics become an idol? Yes! But it also can (and should be done) for the sake of the Gospel to the glory of God.
Politics included but in so many more ways, if we are not engaged in the activity of our community, how will we know of the needs? How can ever meet those needs?
Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their trouble, and to keep oneself unspotted from the world. James 1:27
To give you another preview of what our church will be doing together in 2025, Pastor Thomas and I have planned some efforts to learn about our immediate neighbors around this building as a church. We’ll be looking for some ways for community feedback because we cannot connect with people if we never meet their needs, and we cannot share the Gospel with someone we have no connection with. We must be like Abraham and engage to meet their needs.
God blesses those who follow Him by faith to bless others through them.
So this passage, objectively speaking seems to be really about God’s favor given to Abram. As the title of the sermon says, it is about the public approval of God for him. Why then am I talking about outreach essentially? Am I mangling this text to rant about my pet peeves as the outreach pastor?
Well, let me ask you, what did Abram do with the blessing God had given him? He used that favor with God to bless others, primarily his nephew Lot.
God is a capitalist. What do growing businesses do with their profits? Well, if you have a really good year, you might reward your team with bonuses or pay raises. But you don’t spend all of the surplus doing that. A wise business person, who is looking to grow their company will take that extra money and they will invest it back into the business. This is a big part of what it means to be capitalist. They use capital (the resources they have) to make more money. God blesses us, whether it is financial or otherwise, so that we will take that goodness and do more good with it.
We too have received immense favor from God. What will we do with it? Like Abram, we have all these promises that we can trust in and we have a measure of material prosperity too! These are resources God has given us to reach others too!
We see this process in Abram’s life of progressive blessing. God sends him out on this journey, and along the way he stumbles, but God blesses him in spite of it. And then Abram begins trusting God, realigning his priorities. Abram began to trust in God’s promises and prioritized reconciliation with his nephew.
Now when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his three hundred and eighteen trained servants who were born in his own house, and went in pursuit as far as Dan. He divided his forces against them by night, and he and his servants attacked them and pursued them as far as Hobah, which is north of Damascus. Genesis 14:14-15
Now, Abram has become this conduit of God’s blessing. And this blessing was not just for his consumption. With wisdom and strategy, he engaged to bless those around him, even taking on some personal risk.
How then shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how shall they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear without a preacher? 15 And how shall they preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the gospel of peace, Who bring glad tidings of good things!” Romans 10:14-15
Friend, the good news is given to us not just for us to receive it and “consume” it. Those who receive it become heralds themselves. That is God’s plan. Jesus made disciples to send them out, and He is still in that business today. In God’s strategy, heralds make more heralds. That is what we do.
You are not the last stop on the train of God’s blessing. Part of growing in faith, for Abram and for us, is God blessing us so that we can bless others. If the Gospel is only ever used to make me into a responsible person and give me a loving family, then have I really understood the grace of God? As Abram took more and more steps in following God, we see this progression. And brothers and sisters, we need to take this step too.
Those growing in faith act in the interest of others for the kingdom of God.
With this third point, I have tried to sum up what we see happening in Abram’s life as he’s growing spiritually. We will break this down into three lifelong practices that faithful followers of Christ should apply to their lives today.
Gets Involved
The faithful follower of God engages in the affairs of this life but does not allow himself to be entangled in them by finding his purpose there. His purpose in engaging here is a spiritual one. The affairs of this life become a means to the end of glorifying God.
Abram was not so heavenly-minded that he was no earthly good. He saw Lot as his BROTHER. He shared blood with him and that means that he shared more with him too. What happens to Lot mattered to Abram.
This is not a theological point. Those who do not know Christ are not our spiritual brothers and sisters. This is a matter of outreach. Abram did not just dismiss what happened to Lot as something that happened to someone else. What happens to those around us must matter to us.
I can’t tell an entire congregation what getting involved looks like for you, at once anyway. For some, it means inviting a neighbor or work friend over to your home. For others, it could be asking to be mentored from a brother or sister in Christ so that you can become the one who is blessing others. Or inviting a friend to a life group at our church. If you need an idea, reach out to me! But do you need to take a next step here? How far are you taking loving your neighbor for the sake of the Gospel? Don’t let this just be a sentiment. Take a step to get involved, even if it is a baby one.
Dies to Self
This involves risk. It means allowing people into your life. It means potentially making sacrifices emotionally, socially, financially, and in many other ways, and potentially seeing no return.
But I want to ask this question, how much risk does it really involve? We have nothing to fear. We can engage in Gospel efforts because God will be with us. He was with Abram and He was faithful to His promises. He will be with us and fulfill all His promises to us. Prayerfully, take some risks for the glory of God. Open your life up to someone. Ask someone to do the same. Social risks. Give someone something that you know will communicate care and generosity.
My choice of words for this point comes from a Biblical concept of dying to self or denying yourself.
Then He said to them all, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow Me." Luke 9:23
Maturing as a Christian is turning outward. No longer being a consumer but a conduit of God's blessing. No longer is Abram asking his wife to put her neck on the line for him. Now, his neck is on the line for his nephew.
There is a sneaky kind of consumerism that infests our Christianity. Is following Christ just about you? Having a good family? Making sure your children turn out well, etc? Do we selfishly consume God's goodness? Of course, we are not wrong for being blessed and having good things! But let us leverage those good gifts for the good of others where we can! Let us let that goodness strengthen us to bless others.
What do we do in contrast to Abram? He goes out and risks quite a bit for someone else. We build a community that is comfortable for us and gives us just the right amount of sanctification to make ourselves feel good about ourselves. Then others can join. Let us die to self as we grow in Christ like Abram.
Lives on Mission
Throughout the narrative, we see the WHAT of Abram’s actions, but I believe that we get a little glimpse of Abram’s WHY as he interacts with the two kings.
The King of Sodom offers Abram the spoils of the battle in verse 21, but Abram turns it down. Why?
But Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have raised my hand to the LORD, God Most High, the Possessor of heaven and earth, 23 that I will take nothing, from a thread to a sandal strap, and that I will not take anything that is yours, lest you should say, ‘I have made Abram rich’— 24 except only what the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men who went with me: Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.” Genesis 14:22-24
The glory of God. Instead he gave to Melchizadek, acknowledging and trusting in the blessing that Melchizadek, the priest of the most high God offers Him in verse 20.
Abram was choosing a SOURCE. What did he need? Making deals with wicked pagan kings or ministry for God’s priest? Abram sees this whole situation as an opportunity for God to be made glorious, for others to see who is making Abram prosperous. His mission is to glorify God by acting in the interest of others.
What exactly does it take for Abram to glorify God? He forgoes personal prosperity (immediate gratification) for the long term glory of God. We see in this passage the first example of war in Scripture, but there is also a spiritual battle going on. What will Abram choose? And what will we choose?
Abraham denied the blessing of the king of Sodom because he was trusting in Gods promise to bless him. Faith in God's promises of blessing produce confidence to live missionally to the glory of God.
Conclusion
Pastor Martin Niemöller is best known for writing First They Came - one of the most famous poems about the Holocaust - but he is a complicated figure. Initially an antisemitic Nazi supporter, his views changed when he was imprisoned in a concentration camp for speaking out against Nazi control of churches. He later encouraged Germans to take responsibility for Nazi atrocities.
First They Came
by Pastor Martin Niemoller
First they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left
To speak out for me
Like Pastor Niemoller in some ways, we are bystanders. Like Abram, we belong to another kingdom. What will we do? Will we act in the interest of others for the kingdom of God?
Discussion Questions
- What are some situations in which Christians are “bystanders?” (Or, what are some situations that do not directly affect Christians but affect others around them?)
- Is this situation one that we should get involved in? Why? How?
- What is the problem when our only response to societal or personal issues is, “People need to trust Christ and follow Him?”
- What should our goal be when we get involved in public issues?
- What are some blessings God has given to you that can enable you to bless others?
- How can we get involved so that we can begin to develop relationships with others for proclaiming the Gospel?
- What are some ways that we might have to deny self to get involved in our community?
- To glorify God means to lift up His greatness before others. How does acting for the interest of others glorify Him?
Posted in Sermon Manuscript
Posted in Abraham, Old Testament, Genesis, Evangelism, Outreach, Generosity
Posted in Abraham, Old Testament, Genesis, Evangelism, Outreach, Generosity
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